OpenVPN client en CentOS/RHEL |

La única forma que conocen los humanos de llegar a alguna parte es dejando algo atrás…

Joseph Cooper – Interestellar

Hace unos días, un cliente me comentó que actualizó sus terminales de venta (que utilizaban Fedora 23) a CentOS 7, debido a cuestiones de estabilidad; pero que tenía problemas para conectarse a su VPN.

Al intentar conectarse obtenía el error:

[root@terminal openvpn]# openvpn --config client.conf 
Thu Jul 04 09:13:53 2016 OpenVPN 2.3.11 x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu [SSL (OpenSSL)] [LZO] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] [MH] [IPv6] built on May 10 2016
Thu Jul 04 09:13:53 2016 library versions: OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013, LZO 2.06
Thu Jul 04 09:13:53 2016 WARNING: No server certificate verification method has been enabled. See http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm for more info.
Thu Jul 04 09:13:53 2016 Socket Buffers: R=[87380->87380] S=[16384->16384]
Thu Jul 04 09:13:53 2016 Attempting to establish TCP connection with [AF_INET]93.184.216.34:1194 [nonblock]
Thu Jul 04 09:13:54 2016 TCP connection established with [AF_INET]93.184.216.34:1194
Thu Jul 04 09:13:54 2016 TCPv4_CLIENT link local: [undef]
Thu Jul 04 09:13:54 2016 TCPv4_CLIENT link remote: [AF_INET]93.184.216.34:1194
Thu Jul 04 09:13:54 2016 TLS: Initial packet from [AF_INET]93.184.216.34:1194, sid=a0dc7955 8adfd915
Thu Jul 04 09:13:55 2016 VERIFY OK: depth=1, C=MX, ST=DF, L=CDMX, O=Mi Changarrito S.A. de C.V., CN=Mi Changarrito S.A. de C.V. CA, emailAddress=seguridad@changarrito.com.mx
Thu Jul 04 09:13:55 2016 VERIFY ERROR: depth=0, error=certificate signature failure: C=MX, ST=DF, L=CDMX, O=Mi Changarrito S.A. de C.V., CN=server-er, emailAddress=seguridad@changarrito.com.mx
Thu Jul 04 09:13:55 2016 OpenSSL: error:14090086:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed
Thu Jul 04 09:13:55 2016 TLS_ERROR: BIO read tls_read_plaintext error
Thu Jul 04 09:13:55 2016 TLS Error: TLS object -> incoming plaintext read error
Thu Jul 04 09:13:55 2016 TLS Error: TLS handshake failed
Thu Jul 04 09:13:55 2016 Fatal TLS error (check_tls_errors_co), restarting
Thu Jul 04 09:13:55 2016 SIGUSR1[soft,tls-error] received, process restarting
Thu Jul 04 09:13:55 2016 Restart pause, 5 second(s)
Thu Jul 04 09:14:00 2016 WARNING: No server certificate verification method has been enabled. See http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm for more info.
...

Al revisar el mensaje de error, se observa que el problema es el certificado de SSL que no puede ser leído. Esto se debe a que el soporte a certificados encriptados con MD5 y SHA1 fue retirado de CentOS.

Por lo que hay que setear unas variables de ambiente en el perfil de root, para agregar el soporte de MD5:

[root@terminal openvpn]# vi ~/.bash_profile
export NSS_HASH_ALG_SUPPORT=+MD5
export OPENSSL_ENABLE_MD5_VERIFY=1
[root@terminal openvpn]#

Al realizar esta configuración y cargar dichas variables, la conexión se logra sin problemas:

[root@terminal openvpn]# openvpn --config client.conf
Thu Jul 04 22:25:38 2016 OpenVPN 2.3.11 x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu [SSL (OpenSSL)] [LZO] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] [MH] [IPv6] built on May 10 2016
Thu Jul 04 22:25:38 2016 library versions: OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013, LZO 2.06
Thu Jul 04 22:25:38 2016 WARNING: No server certificate verification method has been enabled. See http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm for more info.
Thu Jul 04 22:25:38 2016 WARNING: file 'changarrin1818a.key' is group or others accessible
Thu Jul 04 22:25:38 2016 Socket Buffers: R=[87380->87380] S=[16384->16384]
Thu Jul 04 22:25:42 2016 Attempting to establish TCP connection with [AF_INET]93.184.216.34:1194 [nonblock]
Thu Jul 04 22:25:43 2016 TCP connection established with [AF_INET]93.184.216.34:1194
Thu Jul 04 22:25:43 2016 TCPv4_CLIENT link local: [undef]
Thu Jul 04 22:25:43 2016 TCPv4_CLIENT link remote: [AF_INET]93.184.216.34:1194
Thu Jul 04 22:25:43 2016 TLS: Initial packet from [AF_INET]93.184.216.34:1194, sid=bfa77b04 f30e3b9f
Thu Jul 04 22:25:43 2016 VERIFY OK: depth=1, C=MX, ST=DF, L=CDMX, O=Mi Changarrito S.A. de C.V., CN=Mi Changarrito S.A. de C.V. CA, emailAddress=seguridad@changarrito.com.mx
Thu Jul 04 22:25:43 2016 VERIFY OK: depth=0, C=MX, ST=DF, L=CDMX, O=Mi Changarrito S.A. de C.V., CN=server-er, emailAddress=seguridad@changarrito.com.mx
Thu Jul 04 22:25:44 2016 Data Channel Encrypt: Cipher 'DES-EDE3-CBC' initialized with 192 bit key
Thu Jul 04 22:25:44 2016 Data Channel Encrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication
Thu Jul 04 22:25:44 2016 Data Channel Decrypt: Cipher 'DES-EDE3-CBC' initialized with 192 bit key
Thu Jul 04 22:25:44 2016 Data Channel Decrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication
Thu Jul 04 22:25:44 2016 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 1024 bit RSA
Thu Jul 04 22:25:44 2016 [server-er] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET]93.184.216.34:1194
Thu Jul 04 22:25:46 2016 SENT CONTROL [server-er]: 'PUSH_REQUEST' (status=1)
Thu Jul 04 22:25:46 2016 PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,route 192.168.110.0 255.255.255.0,route 192.168.170.0 255.255.255.0,route 192.168.43.0 255.255.255.0,route 192.168.70.32 255.255.255.224,route 10.20.0.0 255.255.255.0,topology net30,ping 20,ping-restart 60,ifconfig 10.20.13.205 10.20.13.206'
Thu Jul 04 22:25:46 2016 OPTIONS IMPORT: timers and/or timeouts modified
Thu Jul 04 22:25:46 2016 OPTIONS IMPORT: --ifconfig/up options modified
Thu Jul 04 22:25:46 2016 OPTIONS IMPORT: route options modified
Thu Jul 04 22:25:46 2016 ROUTE_GATEWAY 192.168.122.1/255.255.255.0 IFACE=eth0 HWADDR=52:54:00:69:6c:4b
Thu Jul 04 22:25:46 2016 TUN/TAP device tun0 opened
Thu Jul 04 22:25:46 2016 TUN/TAP TX queue length set to 100
Thu Jul 04 22:25:46 2016 do_ifconfig, tt->ipv6=0, tt->did_ifconfig_ipv6_setup=0
Thu Jul 04 22:25:46 2016 /usr/sbin/ip link set dev tun0 up mtu 1500
Thu Jul 04 22:25:46 2016 /usr/sbin/ip addr add dev tun0 local 10.20.13.205 peer 10.20.13.206
Thu Jul 04 22:25:46 2016 /usr/sbin/ip route add 192.168.110.0/24 via 10.20.13.206
Thu Jul 04 22:25:46 2016 /usr/sbin/ip route add 192.168.170.0/24 via 10.20.13.206
Thu Jul 04 22:25:46 2016 /usr/sbin/ip route add 192.168.43.0/24 via 10.20.13.206
Thu Jul 04 22:25:46 2016 /usr/sbin/ip route add 192.168.70.32/27 via 10.20.13.206
Thu Jul 04 22:25:46 2016 /usr/sbin/ip route add 10.20.0.0/24 via 10.20.13.206
Thu Jul 04 22:25:46 2016 Initialization Sequence Completed

^CThu Jul 04 22:25:56 2016 event_wait : Interrupted system call (code=4)
Thu Jul 04 22:25:56 2016 /usr/sbin/ip route del 10.20.0.0/24
Thu Jul 04 22:25:56 2016 /usr/sbin/ip route del 192.168.70.32/27
Thu Jul 04 22:25:56 2016 /usr/sbin/ip route del 192.168.43.0/24
Thu Jul 04 22:25:56 2016 /usr/sbin/ip route del 192.168.170.0/24
Thu Jul 04 22:25:56 2016 /usr/sbin/ip route del 192.168.110.0/24
Thu Jul 04 22:25:56 2016 Closing TUN/TAP interface
Thu Jul 04 22:25:56 2016 /usr/sbin/ip addr del dev tun0 local 10.20.13.205 peer 10.20.13.206
Thu Jul 04 22:25:56 2016 SIGINT[hard,] received, process exiting
[root@terminal openvpn]#

Sin embargo, la conexión se debe ejecutar como un usuario sin privilegios de administrador; entonces debemos realizar una configuración que le permita a este usuario crear los dispositivos y las rutas necesarias para completar la conexión. Para esto

Como root:

Crear el script /usr/local/sbin/unpriv-ip

[root@terminal ~]# vi /usr/local/sbin/unpriv-ip
#!/bin/sh
sudo /sbin/ip $*
[root@terminal ~]#

Editar la configuración de sudo para otorgar permisos sobre las interfaces de red

[root@terminal ~]# visudo
...
## Allow root to run any commands anywhere
root ALL=(ALL) ALL
chalan ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/ip
...

Editar el archivo de configuración de cliente de la vpn como:

[root@terminal ~]# vi /etc/openvpn/client.conf
client
dev tun0
iproute /usr/local/sbin/unpriv-ip
proto tcp
remote rpv.changarrito.com.mx 1194
resolv-retry infinite
nobind
persist-key
persist-tun
ca ca.crt
cert changarrito1818a.crt
key changarrito1818a.key
cipher DES-EDE3-CBC
comp-lzo
verb 3
[root@terminal ~]#

Crear el dispositivo persistente de conexión:

[root@terminal ~]# openvpn --mktun --dev tun0 --dev-type tun --user chalan --group wheel

Validar la creación del dispositivo

[root@terminal ~]# ip addr show tun0
3: tun0: <POINTOPOINT,MULTICAST,NOARP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN qlen 100
 link/none
[root@terminal ~]#

Como usuario:

Verificar los permisos de sudo

[chalan@terminal ~]$ sudo -l
Matching Defaults entries for chalan on this host:
 requiretty, !visiblepw, always_set_home, env_reset, env_keep="COLORS DISPLAY HOSTNAME HISTSIZE INPUTRC KDEDIR
 LS_COLORS", env_keep+="MAIL PS1 PS2 QTDIR USERNAME LANG LC_ADDRESS LC_CTYPE", env_keep+="LC_COLLATE
 LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_MEASUREMENT LC_MESSAGES", env_keep+="LC_MONETARY LC_NAME LC_NUMERIC LC_PAPER LC_TELEPHONE",
 env_keep+="LC_TIME LC_ALL LANGUAGE LINGUAS _XKB_CHARSET XAUTHORITY", secure_path=/sbin\:/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin

User chalan may run the following commands on this host:
 (ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/ip
[chalan@terminal ~]$

Probar la conexión a la vpn:

[chalan@terminal ~]$ cd /etc/openvpn
[chalan@terminal openvpn]$ openvpn --config client.conf
Wed Jul 10 12:20:04 2016 OpenVPN 2.3.11 x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu [SSL (OpenSSL)] [LZO] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] [MH] [IPv6] built on May 10 2016
Wed Jul 10 12:20:04 2016 library versions: OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013, LZO 2.06
Wed Jul 10 12:20:04 2016 WARNING: No server certificate verification method has been enabled. See http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm for more info.
Wed Jul 10 12:20:04 2016 WARNING: file 'changarrito1818a.key' is group or others accessible
Wed Jul 10 12:20:04 2016 Socket Buffers: R=[87380->87380] S=[16384->16384]
Wed Jul 10 12:20:14 2016 Attempting to establish TCP connection with [AF_INET]93.184.216.34:1194 [nonblock]
Wed Jul 10 12:20:15 2016 TCP connection established with [AF_INET]93.184.216.34:1194
Wed Jul 10 12:20:15 2016 TCPv4_CLIENT link local: [undef]
Wed Jul 10 12:20:15 2016 TCPv4_CLIENT link remote: [AF_INET]93.184.216.34:1194
Wed Jul 10 12:20:15 2016 TLS: Initial packet from [AF_INET]93.184.216.34:1194, sid=bb779162 bdcacb5c
Wed Jul 10 12:20:17 2016 VERIFY OK: depth=1, C=MX, ST=DF, L=CDMX, O=Mi Changarrito S.A. de C.V., CN=Mi Changarrito S.A. de C.V. CA, emailAddress=seguridad@changarrito.com.mx
Wed Jul 10 12:20:17 2016 VERIFY OK: depth=0, C=MX, ST=DF, L=CDMX, O=Mi Changarrito S.A. de C.V., CN=server-er, emailAddress=seguridad@changarrito.com.mx
Wed Jul 10 12:20:17 2016 Data Channel Encrypt: Cipher 'DES-EDE3-CBC' initialized with 192 bit key
Wed Jul 10 12:20:17 2016 Data Channel Encrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication
Wed Jul 10 12:20:17 2016 Data Channel Decrypt: Cipher 'DES-EDE3-CBC' initialized with 192 bit key
Wed Jul 10 12:20:17 2016 Data Channel Decrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication
Wed Jul 10 12:20:17 2016 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 1024 bit RSA
Wed Jul 10 12:20:17 2016 [server-er] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET]93.184.216.34:1194
Wed Jul 10 12:20:19 2016 SENT CONTROL [server-er]: 'PUSH_REQUEST' (status=1)
Wed Jul 10 12:20:20 2016 PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,route 192.168.110.0 255.255.255.0,route 192.168.170.0 255.255.255.0,route 192.168.43.0 255.255.255.0,route 192.168.70.32 255.255.255.224,route 10.20.0.0 255.255.255.0,topology net30,ping 20,ping-restart 60,ifconfig 10.20.13.205 10.20.13.206'
Wed Jul 10 12:20:20 2016 OPTIONS IMPORT: timers and/or timeouts modified
Wed Jul 10 12:20:20 2016 OPTIONS IMPORT: --ifconfig/up options modified
Wed Jul 10 12:20:20 2016 OPTIONS IMPORT: route options modified
Wed Jul 10 12:20:20 2016 ROUTE_GATEWAY 192.168.122.1/255.255.255.0 IFACE=eth0 HWADDR=52:54:00:92:cf:f5
Wed Jul 10 12:20:20 2016 TUN/TAP device tun0 opened
Wed Jul 10 12:20:20 2016 Note: Cannot set tx queue length on tun0: Operation not permitted (errno=1)
Wed Jul 10 12:20:20 2016 do_ifconfig, tt->ipv6=0, tt->did_ifconfig_ipv6_setup=0
Wed Jul 10 12:20:20 2016 /usr/local/sbin/unpriv-ip link set dev tun0 up mtu 1500
Wed Jul 10 12:20:20 2016 /usr/local/sbin/unpriv-ip addr add dev tun0 local 10.20.13.205 peer 10.20.13.206
Wed Jul 10 12:20:20 2016 /usr/local/sbin/unpriv-ip route add 192.168.110.0/24 via 10.20.13.206
Wed Jul 10 12:20:21 2016 /usr/local/sbin/unpriv-ip route add 192.168.170.0/24 via 10.20.13.206
Wed Jul 10 12:20:22 2016 /usr/local/sbin/unpriv-ip route add 192.168.43.0/24 via 10.20.13.206
Wed Jul 10 12:20:23 2016 /usr/local/sbin/unpriv-ip route add 192.168.70.32/27 via 10.20.13.206
Wed Jul 10 12:20:23 2016 /usr/local/sbin/unpriv-ip route add 10.20.0.0/24 via 10.20.13.206
Wed Jul 10 12:20:24 2016 Initialization Sequence Completed

Una vez que se han validado las configuraciones, para conectarse únicamente se requerirá utilizar el comando:

[chalan@terminal ~]$ cd /etc/openvpn
[chalan@terminal openvpn]$ openvpn --config client.conf

Espero les sirva…

Referencias

[CentOS7:OpenVPN] VERIFY ERROR: depth=0, error=certificate signature failure

OpenVPN Howto: Unprivileged Mode

2 Responses to OpenVPN client en CentOS/RHEL

Miguel says:

December 19, 2016 at 10:32 pm

muchas gracias

- Alex Callejas says:
  
  March 27, 2017 at 1:01 pm
  
  Que bueno que te sirva la info!
  
  Saludos!!

OpenVPN client en CentOS/RHEL

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OpenVPN client en CentOS/RHEL

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about me

dark_axl

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@rootzilopochtli

Facebook Page

5 Top Posts

Obtenga Fedora!

@rootzilopochtli

@dark_axl

Facebook Page

Suscríbete por correo